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The first decade of the World Wide Web predominantly enforced a clear separation between designers and consumers. New technological developments, such as the cyberinfrastructure and Web 2.0 architectures, have emerged to support a participatory Web. These developments are the foundations for a fundamental shift from a consumer culture (specialized in producing finished goods to be consumed passively)...
End-user programming has become ubiquitous, so much so that there are more end-user programmers today than there are professional programmers. End-user programming empowers—but to do what? Make really bad decisions based on really bad programs? Enter software engineering’s focus on quality. Considering software quality is necessary, because there is ample evidence that the programs end users create...
This paper describes the design and implementation of a tool to allow people without programming experience to customize the functionality and user interface of a multi-device museum guide. It consists of a direct-manipulation visual environment that supports editing of the main features of a museum guide and the creation of the associated interactive games. The tool then generates application versions...
The contemporary practice of medicine, which is concerned both with national standards of audit and innovation through local customisation, is a prime domain for end-user development. In this paper we describe four experiences of end-user development in this domain that offer interesting empirical examples. We look at existing practices through considering end-user customisation of paper charts (1),...
The paper is a case study of customer-initiated software product development. We have observed and participated in system development activities in a commercial software house (company) over a period of two years. The company produces project-planning tools for the oil and gas industry, and relies on interaction with customers for further development of its products. Our main research question is...
End User Development offers technical flexibility to encourage the appropriation of software applications within specific contexts of use. Appropriation needs to be understood as a phenomenon of many collaborative and creative activities. To support appropriation, we propose integrating communication channels into software applications. Such an appropriation infrastructure provides communication and...
Nowadays very different people use computer systems for their daily working activities, but also for fun and entertainment or only to satisfy their information needs. Designers are doing their best to create computer systems that work as end users expect, but it must be honestly admitted that they often fail and end users have all rights to complain. In order to improve this situation and create better...
All software today is written using libraries, toolkits, frameworks and other application programming interfaces (APIs). We performed a user study of the online documentation a large and complex API for Enterprise Service-Oriented Architecture (eSOA), which identified many issues and recommendations for making API documentation easier to use. eSOA is an appropriate testbed because the target user...
Companies are operating in a dynamic environment, resulting in a continuous need of adapting used information systems to changing business processes and associated information needs. Viewed from a micro-perspective, business users are managing and executing business processes on a daily basis, but are not able to adapt used software to their individual needs and working practice. In this paper, we...
E-government websites are currently becoming more and more huge and complex. They provide citizens with several kinds of information, including services for online task payment or front office reservation. The creation and maintenance of such websites often require a distributed approach: the content publication task is transferred from software developers to personnel of the various organization...
In this paper, we present an observational case study at a major teaching hospital, which both inspired and gave us valuable feedback on the design and development of LWOAD. LWOAD is a denotational language we propose to support users of an electronic document system in declaratively expressing, specifying and implementing computational mechanisms that fulfill coordinative requirements. Our focus...
A shared set of processes and norms as well as a shared understanding of the collaboration infrastructure is a vital aspect for collaboration. This paper investigates how practitioners of virtual organizations can be supported in creating, sharing, and applying best practices that form the basis for a shared understanding of collaboration processes. Extending the interpretation of end-user development...
Design patterns document in a systematic way design solutions to recurrent problems and they are expressed using non-technical terms, so that a wider audience can understand them. Thus they could be useful tools to improve communication in interdisciplinary teams and to integrate end-users in participatory design processes. However, the difficulties of using patterns go beyond the lexicon used in...
Little research has addressed IT professionals’ script debugging strategies, or considered whether there may be gender differences in these strategies. What strategies do male and female scripters use and what kinds of mechanisms do they employ to successfully fix bugs? Also, are scripters’ debugging strategies similar to or different from those of spreadsheet debuggers? Without the answers to these...
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